It is the basis of success if it is built on respect, knowledge, efficiency and effectiveness, which is what the members of the organization show to the rules and agreements governing the work of the organization.this can be achieved through proper and rational leadership.
4Unity of Command-Command Unit (presidency): - this means that each subordinate must receive orders from only one boss, who is the immediate superior. This is because the subordinate receiving more than one order from more than one boss leads to a kind of conflict in the instructions and leads to duplication and confusion in the instructions and orders.
5Unity of Direction-guidance module: - the principle of the guidance module focuses on the fact that there should be one head and one plan for all activities with one goal, for example, advertising activities, marketing research and sales.... They should be in one plan and under the guidance of the marketing manager of the organization.
6-subordination of personal interest to the public interest:
Subordination of Individual to General Interest.
This administrative principle means that the interests and interests of individuals should not precede the interests of the organization in which they work in order to avoid the spirit of selfishness and instill a spirit of cooperation between working individuals and minimize disagreements and problems that can occur in the work environment.this can be achieved through fair agreements between the organization and its subordinates, ability and fair good leadership and supervision as close as possible. Remembrance-reward (compensation), a reward that represents a material incentive at work and through which it can help
She is
In the realization of other management principles they achieve the so-called job satisfaction. This is achieved by paying fair wages commensurate with the individual's abilities, effort, skills and organizational level. 8Centralization-centralization:-
Centralization means the concentration of decision-making power in the hands of senior management with a reduced role of subordinates in decision-making processes and goal setting. And decentralization is the exact opposite of centralization, where it means the participation of subordinates and their delegation in a some secondary matters. The appropriate degree of centralization and decentralization is determined by
Performance
He said that the main reason for the existence of control is to ensure that the results achieved are consistent with those previously planned, and any deviations from these results
The planned plan is quickly detected and corrected by effective control, so that activities can return to the planned route " (6) . Therefore, it can be said that control is the process of comparing results with plans.
The importance of management: there is no difference about the importance of Management in business activity. A quick look at the definitions of management confirms the great importance of this art science that seeks to achieve the welfare of society, and serve the goals of the project. The management function is indispensable because it is a function
To achieve the set goals. That is, management is the criterion of success and failure. In fact, management bases its importance on basic rules that Justify and necessitate its existence. These rules, taken as a whole, constitute the basic philosophy behind the existence of management and its necessity in any collective effort with specific goals.
The first rule: management is a science based on scientific foundations, organized and ordered principles and concepts, and uses the best methods of research and studies in solving problems, and in interacting with the internal and external environments, in order to achieve material, moral and humanitarian goals for all parties. Management here is a developed system for simplifying work procedures, maximizing human competencies and skills, releasing material and human energies and creating renewable energies. The second rule: the survival and growth of projects depend primarily on the ability of these projects to achieve their goals. Since management is the basis for the success of any project that pursues a certain goal, the presence of management ensures the achievement of these goals.
The third rule:
Management is an activity related to the completion of work by others, which shows the role of the manager in making all efforts his position towards the goals of the group to achieve them in the easiest way and with the least time and costs
But in practice the term supervisor is often usedadministrator
To express the manager manager
Methods of classification of managers
There are three main ways to classify managers (see) form (1-3)), namely: 1 - depending on the location: where we can distinguish between executives, managers and supervisors. 2-depending on the level where we can distinguish between senior management, middle management, and lower management (executive).
3 depending on the job: in this case, we can distinguish between managers according to the tasks they perform, for example, there is a Sales Manager, Marketing Manager, Finance Director.as for the presidents and their deputies, they are usually members of senior management, in other words, they are classified among the managers of senior management. There are other levels that are common for managers, but they all do business through their subordinates. They all specialize in planning for others, organizing other people's actions, allocating resources, motivating and controlling performance. They usually spend two-thirds of their time with others talking, listening, conducting meetings, attending meetings and other business.
Methods of classification of managers
Depending on the location
- Executive directors, senior management, presidents and their deputies
- Directors
- Supervisors
Depending on the level, depending on the function
Middle management sales manager
Lower management production supervisor
Table (2)
Functional Manager it should be noted the difference between the functional manager in that the former is responsible for a certain activity (General Manager, General Manager and one of the activities of the enterprise (finance activity or marketing activity), while the
The director general has higher functional powers by virtue of his job position, tasks and competencies, which extends to his supervision of more than one activity, and in some cases we find him fully supervising all activities directly or
Indirectly.
Although management writers do not agree on a single list of manager functions, the most widespread and accepted lists for classifying managerial activities are those that group these functions under five basic functions that are considered to be the basis of manager functions and these functions
The fourth rule: management achieves the optimal use of available physical and human forces and this point concerns both adequacy, which symbolizes the amount of quantity used to achieve the goals. Effectiveness, which relates to the validity of the elements used to achieve the goals.
The fifth rule: scientific management has become a criterion or an indicator of the development, progress and progress of nations.the link between the development of management and the levels of progress and development is a strong link. Successful management is that management that leads to the achievement of the set goals and is constantly improving the project response by providing the best
For services to the community. Management and director:
The administrative process or the so-called management functions are the means by which the manager is able to manage. The manager is the most important person on whom the administrative process is based, and he is responsible for its successful completion, because the subordinates who work with him as assistants are actually his subordinates, and he is responsible for them, for their achievements and for their success or failure, and he has to guide them and correct their mistakes and deviations. This is because the success of organizations depends on the extent to which there is an effective management that coordinates different resources to achieve their goals. The manager and the Organization consider two sides of his work as one and both are necessary
And a complement to the other . The need for managers arose as a result of the emergence of organizations, and without the presence of a competent manager the organization cannot achieve its goals associated with survival and growth. Who is the manager and what are his functions
Some are wondering what a manager is Aren't they human beings like us .. Isn't there a person who makes mistakes, reviews his work, is held accountable and rewarded
He is that individual through whom and by whom the work is done by others Managermanager of his subordinates. A manager is a person who performs functions such as planning, organizing, directing and supervising others, controlling individuals and activities that he is responsible for managing by virtue of his job position in order to achieve the expected results of the set goals. It should be noted that the success and prosperity of the organization depends on the soundness of managers ' decisions related to enterprise plans, in terms of filling most of the functions
The organization of the establishment and its departments, performance control, as well as motivating employees, arousing their motivation and uniting their efforts to exert their maximum potential in order to achieve the goals. Here we would like to note that there are several different names for the manager in practice, including director, mentor, Administrator, or the president's Main Management man
Direction and leadership ← organization ← are the elements of the administrative process that begin with planning and end with control. To perform these functions to the fullest, the extent of coordination depends on the manager's ability to achieve his goals and achieve efficiency and effectiveness in his work on the availability of the necessary management skills that distinguish him from other individuals within the organization. These skills vary in terms of familiarity with working methods, dealing with individuals and the ability to solve problems, and the need for the availability of such skills in managers varies depending on
The administrative levels to which they belong are shown in Figure (2-4). These skills can be divided into three main types as follows:
1-mental skills
2-behavioral skills
3. technical skills
Management skills and their relationship to administrative levels
Form (3)
Senior management
Skills
Mental skills
Behaviorism
Middle management
Technical skills
Lower management
Principles of management:
Fayol presented a number of principles that guide the manager in his management of The located organizational unit
Under his control these principles can be listed in a little detail.
1Division of Labor-Division of Labor:-
It is this principle that economists consider necessary to apply at work. The more specialization an individual has, the Greater his ability to perform work efficiently, less time and effort, and
This will increase productivity both quantitatively and qualitatively.
2Authority-authority:-
Comments
Post a Comment